Direct Democracy

Direct democracy refers to the involvement of all eligible citizens in political processes. Some elements of direct democracy are already applied throughout the world. We will focus here on those that have proven their effectiveness on a large scale (i.e. a nation...

Indirect Democracy

Indirect or representative democracy usually consists of the legislature (e.g. the parliament, congress, assembly, etc.) and the executive (the government including its leader, who is usually called the president or the prime minister). There is no reason why this...

Meritocracy

Meritocracy here may subsume geniocracy (a system of governance where creativity, innovation, intelligence and wisdom are required from those who govern) and noocracy (government of a ‘wise collective’). It is proposed that this component of governance can...

The Synthesis Model

Churchill’s famous quote, “democracy is the worst form of government, except for all the others”, is not only witty, but arguably true, except for one option that he probably did not consider: the synthesis of what is useful in various systems and the exclusion of...

The Rise And Fall Of American Politics

The framers of the US Constitution were very much in favour of a mixed political system. They considered pure democracy to have a strong tendency towards instability, lack of wisdom, and majority tyranny. The experience of popular self-rule under the Articles of...